10/05/2026
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Malappuram is a vibrant district in the northern part of Kerala, known for its rich history, cultural diversity, and rapid development. The name Malappuram means “hilltop” or “terraced place above the hills” in Malayalam. Formed on 16 June 1969, it was carved out of the erstwhile Kozhikode and Palakkad districts. Today it is the most populous district in Kerala and a major hub of education, trade, and sports.
Geography and Climate
Malappuram lies between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. The district is blessed with rivers like Chaliyar, Kadalundi, and Bharathappuzha, and has vast stretches of midland plains, hills, and coastal belts. The climate is tropical monsoon — hot summers, heavy rainfall from June to September, and mild winters. The hill areas like Nilambur and Nedumkayam get cooler weather and are part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
History
Malappuram has deep historical roots. It was a major center of the Malabar Rebellion of 1921, also called the Moplah Rebellion, against British rule and landlords. The region was part of the Zamorin’s kingdom of Kozhikode before colonial rule. Tipu Sultan’s campaigns also passed through this area. Pookkottur, Tirurangadi, and Tanur were important centers during the freedom movement. The district’s history reflects a mix of Hindu, Muslim, and colonial influences.
People and Culture
Malappuram has Kerala’s highest Muslim population, around 70%, followed by Hindus and Christians. Malayalam is the main language, but the Mappila dialect of Malayalam, influenced by Arabic, is widely spoken. The district is famous for Mappila arts like Oppana, Duffmuttu, Kolkali, and Mappilappattu — songs that blend Arabic, Malayalam, and Urdu themes.