Libres Alejandro Jr Maloloy-on

07/01/2026

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11/01/2025

Notes: Soil Science

Suborder Aquands indicates wet (aquic) conditions within the Andisols order, characterized by:

# Key Features
1. High water tables or saturation
2. Anaerobic conditions
3. Limited drainage
4. Unique mineralogy and chemistry

# Andisols Order Characteristics
1. Formed from volcanic materials
2. High organic matter content
3. Low bulk density
4. High water-holding capacity

# References
1. USDA Soil Taxonomy (2019)
2. Soil Science Society of America Journal
3. Journal of Soil Science
4. Soil Survey Manual (USDA).

Question:

A suborder Aquands means the soil falls under the order
a. Gelisols,
b. Oxisols
c. Andisols
d. Histosols

11/01/2025

Notes: Soil Science

At soil pH

11/01/2025

Note: Soil Science

Diazotrophs are nitrogen-fixing bacteria converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into usable forms (ammonia, NH3, or nitrate, NO3-). Examples:

# Free-living diazotrophs
1. Azotobacter
2. Clostridium
3. Rhodospirillum

# Symbiotic diazotrophs
1. Rhizobia (legume nodules)
2. Frankia (actinorhizal plants)

# Other options
1. Denitrifiers (a): Convert nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas (N2).
2. Denitrificans (b): Specific denitrifying bacteria.
3. Diazomorphs (d): Not a recognized term.

# Key sources
1. "Microbiology: An Evolving Science" by Joan L. Slonczewski
2. "Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry" by Eldor A. Paul

Question:

Nitrogen fixing bacteria are generally called:
a. denitrifiers
b. denitrificans
c. diazotrophs
d. diazomorphs

11/01/2025

Notes: Soil Science

Organic matter decomposition involves transforming complex organic compounds into simpler substances through:

# Biological Processes
1. Microbial (bacteria, fungi) breakdown
2. Enzymatic reactions
3. Nutrient cycling

# Chemical Processes
1. Hydrolysis
2. Oxidation
3. Reduction

# End Products
1. Carbon dioxide (CO2)
2. Water (H2O)
3. Nutrients (N, P, K)
4. Humus (stable organic residue)

# References
1. Soil Science texts (Brady, Weil)
2. Microbiology texts (Madigan, Martinko)
3. Journal of Soil Science
4. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service.

Question:

Organic matter decomposition is an example of
a. transformation
b. translocation
c. addition
d. losses

31/10/2024

04/08/2024

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04/08/2024