07/01/2026
C. KUFANANA KWA EDZI PADZIKO LONSE
10 .Kodi Edzi ikukula msanga bwanji? Edzi itafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1981, chiŵerengero cha anthu odwala AIDS chinaŵirikiza kaŵiri miyezi 6 iriyonse kwa zaka ziwiri mpaka zitatu zoyambirira. Pofika m'chaka cha 1987, nthawi yowirikiza kawiriyi inali itatsika mpaka pafupifupi miyezi 12.
11 .Kodi AIDS yapezeka kuti? Pofika mu May 1988 pafupifupi anthu 96 000 a matenda a AIDS anali atachitiridwa lipoti kuchokera m’maiko oposa 130. Amene anali ndi matenda ochitiridwa lipoti kwambiri anali: U.S.A 62 000 , France 3600, Brazil 3.000, Uganda 2400, West Germany 2000 , Italy 1800, Canada 1700, Tanzania 1600 , U.K 1600 Kusapereka malipoti kukuchitika m'maiko onse, makamaka ku Africa. Pakali pano chiwerengero chenicheni cha anthu omwe ali ndi AIDS padziko lonse lapansi chikuganiziridwa kuti chilipo pafupifupi 150 000.
12 .Kodi mliri wa Edzi umasiyana bwanji ndi miliri ina? Pa mliri, munthu wina amapatsira mnzake yemwenso amapatsira munthu wina wachitatu. Mwanjira imeneyi, matenda monga typhoid ndi chikuku amatha kufalikira kumadera ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, kudwala ndipo nthawi zina amamwalira pakatha milungu ingapo. Tangolingalirani mmene zimakhalira zochititsa mantha kukhala m’mudzi ndi kuona anansi anu akukhudzidwa ndi matenda panthaŵi ya mliri. Koma mliri wa Edzi suli wotere. Sikuwononga madera ang'onoang'ono omwe amafalikira kwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi yochepa chabe. Ikufalikira mosalekeza m’dera lonselo popanda mapeto. Chifukwa chomwe mliri wa Edzi uli wosiyana ndi chifukwa kachilombo ka Edzi ndi kachilombo kochedwa. Zitha kukhala zobisika m'thupi la munthu kwa zaka zambiri popanda kutulutsa zizindikiro zilizonse. Koma munthu woteroyo angapatsire anthu ena matendawa. Edzi ndi mliri wachete. Chifukwa chakufalikira mofulumira kwambiri. AIDS yafotokozedwa kuti ndi yoipitsitsa m'mbiri ya dziko. Koma chifukwa chakuti uli mliri wachete, anthu samawona AIDS ikufalikira kotero iwo sachita mantha kuchitapo kanthu kupeŵa kuyambukiridwa kufikira nthaŵi itatha.
13 .N’chifukwa chiyani mukunena kuti AIDS ndi mliri woipitsitsa m’mbiri ya Dziko Lapansi? Pakati pa 1981 pamene Edzi idadziwika koyamba ndi 1987, pafupifupi anthu 40 000 adanenedwa kuti amwalira ndi matendawa padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa aliyense amene chiwerengerocho chikumveka chokwera kwambiri, ndi bwino kukumbukira za imfa za miliri ina. M’zaka za m’ma 1800, anthu pafupifupi 400 000 a ku Ulaya ankafa ndi nthomba chaka chilichonse. Ndipo m’zaka ziŵiri za 1918 ndi 1919, chimfine cha ku Spain chinapha anthu 20 miliyoni padziko lonse. Chiwerengero cha anthu amene akudwala AIDS masiku ano ndi kufa ndi chiŵerengero chabe cha anthu amene anayambukiridwa ndi kachilombo ka AIDS zaka 5 mpaka 10 zapitazo. Asayansi akuwopa kwambiri za Edzi chifukwa cholosera za kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe atenga matendawa m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi. Izi zidalira pa zinthu ziwiri; choyamba, chiŵerengero cha anthu amene anayambukiridwa kale ndi kachilombo ka AIDS koma sanadwalebe matenda a AIDS; ndipo kachiwiri, mlingo umene anthu atsopano akuyambukiridwa ndi kachilombo ka AIDS. Pachifukwa ichi, anthu pafupifupi 3 miliyoni akuyembekezeka kudwala matenda a Edzi m'zaka zisanu zikubwerazi. Ndipo m’zaka 5, chiŵerengero cha anthu atsopano amene akuyambukiridwa ndi kachirombo ka AIDS chidzawonjezerekabe.
14 .Ndi anthu angati omwe ali kale ndi kachilombo ka Edzi? Pofika kuchiyambi kwa 1987, anthu pafupifupi 5 mpaka 10 miliyoni padziko lonse analingaliridwa kukhala onyamula kachilombo ka AIDS. Chiwerengerochi chinayesedwa pambuyo poyesa magulu a anthu athanzi monga opereka magazi kuti awone kuti ndi angati omwe atenga kale kachilomboka. Mitengo yochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana imatipatsa lingaliro la kuchuluka kwa onyamula katundu m'dziko lililonse. Mkati mwa 1985, pafupifupi munthu mmodzi mwa 2 500 alionse opereka mwazi mu United States anapezedwa kukhala onyamula. Mu Harare, Zimbabwe, chiŵerengerocho chinali pafupifupi munthu mmodzi mwa 50, pamene ku Lusaka, Zambia, pafupifupi wopereka mwazi mmodzi mwa 5 anali ndi kachilombo ka AIDS.
15 .Kodi matendawa akufalikira mofulumira bwanji m’mayiko a mu Africa? Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akukhala onyamulira chikuwoneka chikuchulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse. Kufalikira uku sikukuwoneka kuti kukucheperachepera chifukwa anthu ambiri ali ndi kachilomboka. Mu October 1985, mayi mmodzi pa amayi 10 alionse apakati pa chipatala ku Kampala, Uganda, zinali zonyamulira. Pofika February 1987, mayi mmodzi mwa amayi anayi apakati pa chipatalachi anali kunyamula. Pakhoza kukhala anthu 100 omwe amanyamula munthu aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda a Edzi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anthu ambiri m’deralo angakhale atatenga kale kachilomboka koma ndi ochepa okha amene ali ndi matenda a Edzi. Kwa mzinda wokhala ndi anthu 100,000, kuwirikiza kawiri pachaka kumatanthauza kuti ngati lero pali munthu mmodzi yekha amene ali ndi matenda a Edzi, m'zaka 7 zapitazi mwina gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi mwa magawo atatu alionse a anthu akuluakulu ayamba kudwala matenda a Edzi.
16 .N’chifukwa chiyani Edzi yafala kwambiri mu Africa muno? Palibe amene akudziwa motsimikiza. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti ndi chifukwa chakuti Matendawa adayamba ku Africa zaka zambiri zapitazo ndipo pakhala nthawi yochulukirapo kuti afalikire. Koma motsutsana ndi ichi ndi chakuti matenda oyamba a AIDS adawonedwa pafupifupi nthawi imodzi mu America ndi Africa. Ena amakhulupirira kuti matendawa akufalikira mofulumira chifukwa cha chiwerewere pamene anthu ali ndi zibwenzi zingapo zogonana. Umboni wa zimenezi ndi wakuti matenda ena opatsirana pogonana nawonso ali ofala kwambiri m’maiko ambiri a mu Afirika. Mlingo wa chinzonono ku Kampala, Uganda, ndi wokwera kuŵirikiza 30 kuposa ku London, U.K. Koma ili mwina si yankho lathunthu. Miyezo yambiri ya matenda opatsirana pogonana ikuwonetseranso kusowa kwa malo omwe alipo kuti azindikire ndi kuchiritsidwa. Ndipo kupezeka kwa matenda osachiritsika kumathandizira kufalikira kwa kachilombo ka AIDS pakugonana. Atha kukhala matenda osachiritsikawa omwe akupangitsa kuti matenda a Edzi afalikire mwachangu mu Africa monse.
